Technical standards for fire rated glazed doors, curtain walls and windows
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There are many standards that cover doors and windows in their various forms and others that deal with additional technical characteristics such as fire resistance, smoke dispersion, acoustic performance and so forth. Doors and windows must be certified at notified laboratories and institutes for the various technical characteristics required to meet site requirements and the building code (more information about the notification is available on the NANDO website).
List of additional technical characteristics
- fire resistance, fire rated, REI, EI2
- smoke tight, anti smoke, smoke dispersion control, smoke proof, Sa, S200
- sound insulation, noise reduction, acoustic insulation, airborne sound transmission, sound absorption, dB
- durability for repeated opening and closing, industrial use, opening cycles, durability, C class
- climatic class, thermal insulation, differences between two climates, thermal transmittance, U value, W/m²K
- air, water, wind, air permeability, water tightness, resistance to wind load, external use, CE marking, external doors
- use on escape routes, emergency exits, panic bars, safety handles, push bars, cross bars, EN 179, EN 1125
- security, burglar-proof, armored door, bulletproof, bullet resistance, finger protection, Rc class
- automatic, motorization, automatic opening
Functions of fire rated and smoke proof doors and windows
In accordance with the requirements of building regulations, all fire and smoke resistant doors and windows installed in buildings will be designed and constructed in a way to ensure that in the case of fire, they:
- prevent fire and smoke from spreading,
- limit the spread of fire and smoke in the building to other rooms and areas,
- limit the spread of fire to other buildings,
- allow the evacuation of building occupants by limiting the level of heat radiation and smoke dispersion and
- ensure safety and facilitate the operation of emergency crews.
Product certification procedure
The procedure for certifying glazed doors and windows can be summarized in three steps:
- technical test based on the specific test standard at a notified laboratory; writing of a test report
- interpretation of the achieved result (classification) based on the classification standard at a notified institute; writing of a classification report
- eventual extension of the applicability of the achieved class for variants of the same product based on the extended application standard (EXAP) at a notified institute; writing of an extended application report (EXAP report)
Certification systems: CE marking and homologation
If the product is covered by a harmonized product standard, the process for a production certification which ensures constancy of performance over time must be followed. The institute will then issue the certificate of constancy of performance, which certifies that the product from that specific production complies to the specified technical requisites, having followed the respective quality control systems. The manufacturer or his cascading partner declare these values in the declaration of performance (DoP) document which comes with the CE marked product (CE marking) together with the installation, use and maintenance booklet.
If, on the other hand, the product is not covered by a harmonized European standard then the product may not be CE marked and the technical approval or homologation process defined by the single member country of the European Union must be followed. Even in this case, however, the three steps mentioned above are the basis of the national homologation or certification process, namely the test, the classification and the eventual extended application of the result. The document issued by the manufacturer in this case is the declaration of conformity, which certifies that the distributed product is built with the same method, means of production and materials as the one originally tested.
List of European technical standards for doors and windows
EN 14351-1
Product standard for doors and openable windows (external use)
Product standard
Windows and doors – Product standard, performance characteristics – Part 1: Windows and external pedestrian doorsets
This European Standard identifies material independent performance characteristics, except resistance to fire and smoke control characteristics, that are applicable to external pedestrian doorsets. Fire resisting and/or smoke control characteristics for pedestrian doorsets and openable windows are covered by EN 16034. For fire rated doorsets and openable windows both standards EN 14351-1 and EN 16034 need to be applied together.
Link to the standard at CEN-CENELEC
EN 16034
Product standard for fire rated doors, gates and openable windows
Product standard
Pedestrian doorsets, industrial, commercial, garage doors and openable windows – Product standard, performance characteristics – Fire resisting and/or smoke control characteristics
This European Standard identifies material independent, safety and performance requirements applicable to all fire resisting and/or smoke control products intended to be used in fire and/or smoke compartmentation and/or escape routes. For fire rated door sets and openable windows both standards EN 14351-1 and EN 16034 need to be applied together.
Link to the standard at CEN-CENELEC
EN 1634-1
Fire test
Test standard
Fire resistance and smoke control tests for door and shutter assemblies, openable windows and elements of building hardware – Part 1: Fire resistance test for door and shutter assemblies and openable windows
This European Standard specifies a method for determining the fire resistance of door and shutter assemblies and openable windows designed for installation within openings incorporated in vertical separating elements, such as: a) hinged and pivoted doors; b) horizontally sliding and vertically sliding doors including articulated sliding doors and sectional doors; c) folding doors, sliding folding doors /shutters; d) tilting doors; e) rolling shutter doors; f) openable windows; g) operable fabric curtains. This European Standard is used in conjunction with EN 1363-1.
Link to the standard at CEN-CENELEC
EN 1363-1
General principles and methods for fire tests
General principles
Fire resistance tests – Part 1: General requirements
This document establishes the general principles for determining the fire resistance of various elements of construction when subjected to standard fire exposure conditions. Alternative and additional procedures to meet special requirements are given in EN 1363-2.
Link to the standard at CEN-CENELEC
EN 1634-3
Smoke test
Test standard
Fire resistance and smoke control tests for door and shutter assemblies, openable windows and elements of building hardware – Part 3: Smoke control test for door and shutter assemblies
This standard specifies a method for determining the leakage of cold and warm smoke from one side of a door assembly to the other under the specified test conditions. The test can be applied to door and shutter assemblies of different types intended for purposes of controlling the passage of smoke in case of fire.
Link to the standard at CEN-CENELEC
EN 12207
Classification of results for air permeability tests
Classification standard
Windows and doors – Air permeability – Classification
This European Standard defines the classification of test results for completely assembled windows and external and internal pedestrian doorsets of any materials after testing in accordance with EN 1026.
Link to the standard at CEN-CENELEC
EN 1026
Air permeability test
Test standard
Windows and doors – Air permeability – Test method
LThis European Standard defines the test method to be used to determine the air permeability of completely assembled windows and doorsets of any material, when submitted to positive or negative test pressures. This test method is designed to take account of conditions in use, when the window or doorset is installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s specification and the requirements of relevant European Standards and codes of practice.
Link to the standard at CEN-CENELEC
EN 14759
Acoustic test (theoretical method)
Test standard
Shutters – Acoustic insulation relative to airborne sound – Expression of performance
The current standard applies to manufacturers of windows who wish to take advantage of additional acoustical performances brought by built-in shutter with window delivered as such on the market or brought by the addition of a shutter delivered separately (built-in shutter installed in a prefabricated box or built-on shutter).
Link to the standard at CEN-CENELEC
EN ISO 717-1
Acoustic test (test method)
Test standard
Acoustics – Rating of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements – Part 1: Airborne sound insulation
This document a) defines single-number quantities for airborne sound insulation in buildings and of building elements such as walls, floors, doors, and windows, b) takes into consideration the different sound level spectra of various noise sources such as noise sources inside a building and traffic outside a building, and c) gives rules for determining these quantities from the results of measurements carried out in one-third-octave or octave bands for example in accordance with ISO 10140-2 and ISO 16283-1.
Link to the standard at CEN-CENELEC
EN 1027
Water tightness
Test standard
Windows and doors – Water tightness – Test method
This European Standard defines the test method to be used to determine the watertightness of completely assembled windows and doorsets of any materials. This test method is designed to take account of conditions in use, when the window or doorset is installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s specification and the requirements of relevant European Standards and codes of practice.
Link to the standard at CEN-CENELEC
EN 12210
Classification of results for wind load tests
Classification standard
Windows and doors – Resistance to wind load – Classification
This European Standard defines the classification of test results for completely assembled windows and doors of any materials after testing in accordance with EN 12211.
Link to the standard at CEN-CENELEC
EN 12211
Wind load test
Test standard
Windows and doors – Resistance to wind load – Test method
This European Standard defines the test method to determine the resistance to wind load for completely assembled windows and pedestrian doorsets of any materials when submitted to positive or negative test pressures. This test method is designed to take account of conditions in use, when the window or door is installed in accordance with the manufacture’s specification and the requirements of relevant European Standards and codes of practice.
Link to the standard at CEN-CENELEC
EN 10077-1
Thermal test (door leaf)
Test standard
Thermal performance of windows, doors and shutters – Calculation of thermal transmittance – Part 1: General
This European standard specifies methods for the calculation of the thermal transmittance of windows and pedestrian doors consisting of glazed and/or opaque panels fitted in a frame, with and without shutters.
Link to the standard at CEN-CENELEC
EN 10077-2
Thermal test (door frame)
Test standard
Thermal performance of windows, doors and shutters — Calculation of thermal transmittance — Part 2: Numerical method for frames
This European standard specifies a method and gives reference input data for the calculation of the thermal transmittance of frame profiles and of the linear thermal transmittance of their junction with glazing or opaque panels. The method can also be used to evaluate the thermal resistance of shutter profiles and the thermal characteristics of roller shutter boxes and similar components (e.g. blinds).
Link to the standard at CEN-CENELEC
EN 179
Test for emergency exit devices (on escape routes)
Test standard
Building hardware – Emergency exit devices operated by a lever handle or push pad, for use on escape routes – Requirements and test methods
This European Standard specifies requirements for the manufacture, performance and testing of emergency exit devices mechanically operated by either a lever handle or a push pad for the purpose of achieving a safe exit under an emergency situation on escape routes.
Link to the standard at CEN-CENELEC
EN 1125
Anti panic bar test (on escape routes)
Test standard
Building hardware – Panic exit devices operated by a horizontal bar, for use on escape routes – Requirements and test methods
This European Standard specifies requirements for the manufacture, performance and testing of panic exit devices mechanically operated by either a horizontal push-bar or a horizontal touch-bar, specifically designed for use in a panic situation on escape routes.
Link to the standard at CEN-CENELEC
EN 1522
Classification of results for bullet resistance tests
Classification standard
Windows, doors, shutters and blinds – Bullet resistance – Requirements and classification
This standard specifies the requirements and classification that windows, doors, shutters and blinds must satisfy when tested in accordance with EN 1523.
Link to the standard at CEN-CENELEC
EN 1523
Test for bullet resistance
Test standard
Windows, doors, shutters and blinds – Bullet resistance – Test method
This European Standard specifies a test procedure to permit classification of the bullet resistance of windows, doors, shutters and blinds (complete with their infills).
Link to the standard at CEN-CENELEC
EN 1627
Classification of results for burglar resistance tests
Classification standard
Pedestrian doorsets, windows, curtain walling, grilles and shutters – Burglar resistance – Requirements and classification
This document specifies requirements and classification systems for burglar resistant characteristics of pedestrian doorsets, windows, curtain walling, grilles and shutters when tested according to EN 1628 and EN 1629. It is applicable to the following opening functions: Turning, tilting, folding, turn-tilting, top or bottom hung, sliding (horizontally and vertically), pivoted (horizontally and vertically), projecting and rolling as well as non-openable constructions. It also covers products that include items such as letter plates or ventilation grilles The standard does not apply to attempts at manipulation and break-in against electronic or electromagnetic safety devices..
Link to the standard at CEN-CENELEC
EN 1628
Burglar resistance test (static load)
Test standard
Pedestrian doorsets, windows, curtain walling, grilles and shutters – Burglar resistance – Test method for the determination of resistance under static loading
This document specifies a test method for the determination of resistance to static loading in order to assess the burglar resistant properties of pedestrian doorsets, windows, curtain walling, grilles and shutters. It is applicable to the following opening functions: Turning, tilting, folding, turn-tilting, top or bottom hung, sliding (horizontally and vertically), pivoted (horizontally and vertically), projecting, and rolling as well as non-openable constructions.
Link to the standard at CEN-CENELEC
EN 1629
Burglar resistance test (dynamic load)
Test standard
Pedestrian doorsets, windows, curtain walling, grilles and shutters – Burglar resistance – Test method for the determination of resistance under dynamic loading
This document specifies a test method for the determination of resistance to dynamic loading in order to assess the burglar resistant properties of pedestrian doorsets, windows, curtain walling, grilles and shutters.
Link to the standard at CEN-CENELEC
EN 1363-2
Fire test (alternative methods)
Test standard
Fire resistance tests – Part 2: Alternative and additional procedures
This part of EN 1363 specifies alternative heating conditions and other procedures that may need to be adopted under special circumstances. This standard shall be read in conjunction with EN 1363-1.
Link to the standard at CEN-CENELEC
EN 14351-2 *
Product standard for doors and openable windows (internal use)
Product standard
Windows and doors – Product standard, performance characteristics – Part 2: Internal pedestrian doorsets
La norma identifica le caratteristiche prestazionali indipendenti dai materiali, fatto salvo le caratteristiche di resistenza e controllo del fumo, applicabili a finestre e porte interne pedonali. Le caratteristiche di resistenza al fuoco e/o controllo del fumo per porte pedonali e finestre apribili sono trattate nella EN 16034. La norma si applica a finestre e porte destinate internamente alle costruzioni.
* Please note: The standard was published in 2018, but its “harmonization” is missing. It is thus not mandatory and does not substitute national standards for member states of the European Union. Consequently, there is currently no possibility of applying the CE marking for internal doors (except by alternative means) and therefore the individual national standards and the respective homologation procedures where applicable are still valid. Based on public information available today, the standard is never expected to be harmonized. For more information see the CEN-CENELEC website (below in the LEGAL paragraph (Citation in OJEU), the body appointed by the European Commission to write the European technical standards.
Link to the standard at CEN-CENELEC
EN 15269-1
Extended application, EXAP rules
Norm of general principles
Extended application of test results for fire resistance and/or smoke control for door, shutter and openable window assemblies, including their elements of building hardware – Part 1: General requirements
This document sets out the general principles for the extended application of test results obtained on fire resisting and smoke control doorsets, e.g. the types of pedestrian and industrial doors, operable fabric curtains and openable windows listed in the Introduction above when tested in accordance with EN 1634-1 and/or EN 1634-3. This document provides the general principles which are intended to be used in conjunction with the relevant part of EN 15269 depending upon the specific product type to be evaluated:
EN 15269-2 Part 2: Fire resistance of hinged and pivoted steel doorsets
EN 15269-5 Part 5: Fire resistance of hinged and pivoted metal framed glazed doorsets and openable windows
EN 15269-7 Part 7: Fire resistance for steel sliding doorsets
EN 15269-20 Part 20: Smoke control for doors, shutters, operable fabric curtains and openable windows
Link to the standard at CEN-CENELEC
EN 1906
Handles
Test standard
Building hardware – Lever handles and knob furniture – Requirements and test methods
This European Standard specifies test methods and requirements for lever handles and knobs. This European Standard is applicable only to lever handles and knobs that operate a latch or a lock and other devices. It specifies four categories of use according to frequency and other conditions of use.
Link to the standard at CEN-CENELEC
EN 1154
Door closers
Test standard
Building hardware – Controlled door closing devices – Requirements and test methods
This standard specifies requirements for controlled door closing devices for swing doors, such devices being mounted on or in the frame, on or in the door, or in the floor. The scope is limited to manually operated door closing devices where the energy for closing is generated by the user upon opening the door, such that when the door is released, it returns to a closed position, in a controlled manner.
Link to the standard at CEN-CENELEC
EN 13241
Product standard for gates and garage doors
Product standard
Industrial, commercial, garage doors and gates – Product standard, performance characteristics
General This European Standard specifies the safety and performance requirements, except resistance to fire and smoke control characteristics, for industrial, commercial, garage doors and gates and barriers, intended for installation in areas in the reach of persons, and for which the main intended uses are giving safe access for goods and vehicles accompanied or driven by persons in industrial, commercial or residential premises. Fire resisting and/or smoke control characteristics for industrial, commercial, garage doors and gates are covered by EN 16034. For fire rated gates both standards EN 13241 and EN 16034 need to be applied together.
Link to the standard at CEN-CENELEC
EN 13830
Product standard for curtain walls
Product standard
Curtain walling – Product standard
This European Standard specifies requirements of curtain walling kit intended to be used as a building envelope to provide weather resistance, safety in use and energy economy and heat retention and provides test/assessments/calculation methods and compliance criteria of the related performances.
Link to the standard at CEN-CENELEC
EN 1191
Durability of opening and closing
Test standard
Windows and doors – Resistance to repeated opening and closing – Test method
This European Standard specifies the method to be used to determine the resistance to repeated opening and closing of windows and pedestrian doorsets when subjected to repeated opening and closing. It applies to all construction materials and operating systems for any window or pedestrian doorset, including gaskets and building hardware, in normal operating conditions.
Link to the standard at CEN-CENELEC
EN 12209
Mechanical locks
Test standard
Building hardware – Mechanically operated locks and locking plates – Requirements and test methods
This European Standard specifies requirements and test methods for durability, strength, security and functionality of mechanically operated locks and their locking plates: a) for use in doors in buildings; b) for use on fire and smoke compartmentation doors fitted with door closing devices, to enable such doors to close reliably and thus achieve self-closing in the event of fire; and c) for use on locked fire doors to maintain the fire integrity of the door assembly.
Link to the standard at CEN-CENELEC
EN 13501-2
Classification standard for fire and smoke tests
Classification standard
Fire classification of construction products and building elements – Part 1: Classification using data from reaction to fire tests
The standard specifies the procedure for the classification of construction products and elements based on the test data obtained from tests according to EN 1634-1 for fire resistance and EN1634-3 for smoke resistance which fall within the direct scope of the relevant test method; it also includes the classification based on extended application test results.
Link to the standard at CEN-CENELEC